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leomorphic adenoma, a commonly encountered salivary gland tumor, presents a diagnostic challenge due to its varied clinical and histopathological features. It is also known as “mixed tumor, which describes its pleomorphic appearance as opposed to its dual origin from epithelial and myoepithelial elements. This case report presents a notable instance of pleomorphic adenoma originating from the palate in a young female . The patient's history, clinical examination, and histopathological findings, including diverse morphological patterns with epithelial and myoepithelial components, are detailed.

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Background: This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of smartphone applications for skin cancer detection. It explores their features, functionalities, performance metrics, and limitations. These apps offer melanoma detection, self-examination techniques, and risk factor assessment, with some providing advanced services like image analysis and dermatologist reviews. Methods: The performance evaluation assessed the accuracy of these apps in identifying skin lesions, with a focus on the chance of misidentifying benign lesions. Performance variations across iOS and Android devices were examined. Concerns regarding overdiagnosis or false alarms for certain lesion types and clinical scenarios were investigated. Algorithm comparison highlighted diverse approaches, with SkinVision demonstrating balanced performance

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The study assessed baseline study of cassava seed business among youths in Anambra state, Nigeria: a gender situation analysis. The specific objectives were to; identify the level of participation in cassava seed business among male and female youths, estimate the level of market orientation among male and female youths in cassava seed business, ascertain the significant differences in total area of the farm, area of cassava farm planted and bundles harvested among male and female youth farmers, identify the determinants of participation in cassava seed business among male and female youths and estimate the factors constraining youths’ participation in cassava seed business. Primary data were collected randomly from 60 male and 60 female cassava farmers using a structured questionnaire and Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Data were analyzed using statistical tools such as, descriptive statistics, Z-test and regression analysis. From the findings, the average mean age of both female and male farmers was 30 and 18 years. Results also shown that the majorities (71%) of the female youths participated in weeding of cassava farm while 78% of the male youths engaged in pest and disease management. However, 65% of the male youths planted 1.3ha of cassava stems, 81% of the female youths planted 2.2ha of cassava stems, male youth farmers in the study sold 62% of the average 340 bundles of cassava quantity produced within a year while 75% of the average quantity of 520 bundles of cassava produced within a year was sold by the female youth farmers. The finding also shown that there is a significant difference in total area of the farm, area of cassava farm planted and bundles harvested among male and female youths in the study area. As regards to the determinants of the level of participation in cassava seed business, only five variables were found to be statistically related to the factors influencing the level of participation in cassava seed business among male and female youths. Those variables were educational level, access to credit, family size, farm size and income .The major constraints to cassava seed business were flooding, disease and pest attack, fire outbreak, drought problems, high cost of labour, high cost of inputs, poor road network, high cost of cassava seeds, Too much attention on other crops, dryness and perishability of the seeds respectively. Both gender faced different constraints with two similar constraints such as flooding and pest and diseases. Therefore, there is a need to employ various strategies for improving participation in cassava seed enterprises.

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The study assessed baseline study of cassava seed business among youths in Anambra state, Nigeria: a gender situation analysis. The specific objectives were to; identify the level of participation in cassava seed business among male and female youths, estimate the level of market orientation among male and female youths in cassava seed business, ascertain the significant differences in total area of the farm, area of cassava farm planted and bundles harvested among male and female youth farmers, identify the determinants of participation in cassava seed business among male and female youths and estimate the factors constraining youths’ participation in cassava seed business. Primary data were collected randomly from 60 male and 60 female cassava farmers using a structured questionnaire and Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Data were analyzed using statistical tools such as, descriptive statistics, Z-test and regression analysis. From the findings, the average mean age of both female and male farmers was 30 and 18 years.

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Association of a supra-radicular attachment with a removable partial denture on a metal framework is a therapeutic solution that may overcome the biomechanical and aesthetic challenges associated with posterior extensive edentulism. However, the success of the treatment requires rigorous preliminary study, thorough expertise in prosthetic implementation, as well as active patient cooperation.

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This study examines fertility desires among women receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) at Lideta Sub-City Health Centers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 397 women, achieving a response rate of 97.5%. Data was collected through structured interviews and analyzed using logistic regression to identify factors associated with fertility desire. The results showed that 76.6% of respondents desired fertility in the future, with relationship desire being associated with a lower likelihood of having fertility wishes. College-educated individuals over 55 (13.9%) were 10.24 times more likely to aspire to become parents than primary and uneducated individuals. Respondents preferred a time frame of three to four years. The average age of participants was 37.34 ± 7.20 years, with 43.1% aged 30–39 and 41.8% aged 40–49. Nearly half (49.4%) were married, and the majority (98.2%) lived in urban areas. Factors significantly associated with fertility desire included higher education, partner's desire for children, and preferred timing for live birth within 3-4 years. Married women were less likely to desire fertility. The findings suggest the need for targeted reproductive health counseling, partner involvement in family planning, and support tailored to women with higher educational backgrounds to effectively address their fertility aspirations. Interventions should focus on enhancing reproductive health counseling, involving partners in family planning,and providing targeted support to women with higher educational backgrounds.

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Aim: This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of Tunisian dentists regarding the use of herbal products in endodontic practice. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted from May 2022 to September 2022. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to 360 dentists, stratified into general practitioners and endodontists. Results: Endodontists exhibited a mean knowledge score of 38.5 ± 3.9, while general practitioners scored 39.5 ± 3.4, indicating comparable levels of knowledge in the application of phytotherapy in endodontics (p = 0.094 > 0.05). However, a statistically significant difference was observed in the practice of herbal medicine between the two groups (p = 0.002 < 0.05). General practitioners demonstrated a higher mean practice score (4.96 ± 1.01) compared to endodontists (4.45 ± 0.82). Attitude scores did not significantly differ between the two groups, with endodontists scoring 8.4 ± 1.7 and general practitioners scoring 8 ± 1.6. The majority of participants were familiar with orange oil (87.5%), aloe vera gel (78.1%), green tea (74.7%), clove oil (70.3%), curcuma (69.2%), and lemon solution (68.1%). Furthermore, 97.2% of respondents expressed a desire to enhance their understanding of herbal medicine in dentistry.Conclusion: Tunisian dentists exhibited limited familiarity with herbal products that could be employed in endodontic practice. Both general practitioners and endodontists demonstrated similar levels of knowledge regarding phytotherapy in endodontics

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Yellow streak, ring spot and mottle symptoms were observed on young Agave tequilana (agave azul) plants cultivated in commercial nurseries in the state of Jalisco, Mexico. These symptoms have been associated with those possibly caused by an unknown virus. Mechanical inoculation of a host range and serological tests (ELISA) failed to demonstrate the viral nature of agave yellow streak. However, observations made on ultrathin sections of agave tissues with symptoms under a transmission electron microscope showed the consistent presence of flexible rod-shaped virus particles in the cytoplasm and chloroplasts, damage to chloroplasts, and formation of different types of globose membranous inclusions not observed in tissues from healthy plants. Moreover, analysis of Sanger’s sequences of nucleic acid and amino acids from amplicons obtained by RTPCR assays of symptomatic agave plants showed the infections of an unknown virus species of the Order Tymovirales

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Introduction: Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of infectious disease mortality worldwide. A large reservoir of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is a major public health problem worldwide and in the United States. Methods: A 13-question survey was distributed to providers working in the infectious disease, pulmonary/critical care, and general medicine departments at an academic tertiary care center in the United States. The survey included questions about provider confidence in and knowledge about LTBI management and perceived barriers to patient completion of the LTBI care cascade. Results: The response rate of the survey was 33% (62/186). Only 17 (30.9%) providers were able to correctly identify indication for screening in all six of the given patient scenarios. Overall, provider confidence in LTBI management decreased along the care cascade. Infectious disease providers were the most confident in management. The two most observed barriers to care were language barriers and lack of knowledge or understanding about TB. Discussion: Surveyed providers believe the largest barriers to patient LTBI treatment completion are due to a lack of patient comprehension about their infection. Patient understanding could be improved through mandated in-person interpreters, information pamphlets in patients’ preferred languages, and formation of community partnerships, to improve awareness about LTBI.

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Test results have indicated the types of behaviors that can be expected with band engineering. The high-k dielectric used has introduced a mid-gap state in the silicon band gap. It is the Al2O3 layer that is causing this. By taking a polycrystalline high-k dielectric, the different grain boundaries that occur in the structure introduce different energies in the insulator layer. The electrons in the silicon that are being pinned are being trapped by these high and low energy states between the oxygen and silicon bonds. This is known as a quasi-static trapping. What this does is build up a positive oxide charge over time. This has an effect on the overall conductance of the p-type silicon. In terms of positive ion charge that is felt by the silicon, the charge density is still the same with electrons being spatially redistributed around the bonding sites. This is a key advantage with high-k dielectrics and one of the goals of the current research into MIS devices. The test data is showing a current increase from the field emission. When tested with constant voltage and varying temperature, the emission is a result of a thermally activated process by the tunneling increases. Energy is transferable to electrons in the silicon with carriers increased and at higher temperatures the increase in carriers is exponential. This can cause negative bias instability in the device and is not a desirable outcome for p-type or CMOS with progression into more advanced technology in the quest for higher device integration. This issue can potentially be resolved by band engineering the silicon. This is a large and complex topic and according to results and the current understanding of high-k dielectrics, no further progress should be made until it is fully understood how an insulator with a mid-gap state can affect the silicon. This and the effects of positive charge build up are the research topics which will lead on from the current work into MIS devices with high-k dielectric

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Sézary syndrome is characterized by erythroderma, diffuse adenopathy, atypical T lymphocytes in the blood (> 1000/µ Liter), and a dominant T clone in the blood, skin, and lymph nodes.

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This study evaluates the potential of Bryophyllum pinnatum ligands as treatments for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) by targeting acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B), enzymes linked to these neurodegenerative disorders. Utilizing Schrödinger Suite and Maestro 12.8 for computer-aided drug design, ligands from B. pinnatum and standard drugs were docked into the active sites of AChE and MAO-B. Further analysis included ADMET screening and MM/GBSA calculations, with pharmacophore modeling to align compounds with reference ligands. The study identified 4 and 6 promising compounds as MAO-B and AChE inhibitors, respectively. Pinoresinol was identified as the most promising candidate, exhibiting optimal binding, favorable blood-brain barrier permeability, and pharmacophoric features similar to those of the standard drug. These findings suggest the neuroprotective capabilities of B. pinnatum ligands, recommending further in vivo and in vitro testing to confirm their therapeutic efficacy

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Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has a 24-hour rhythm with a characteristic symptom of morning stiness, which causes pain in the joints from late night to early morning. We previously revealed that higher therapeutic eects were obtained in RA patients and RA animal models when the dosing time of anti-rheumatic drugs was chosen according to the 24-hour rhythms of cytokine and in- ammatory reaction. In this study, we evaluated whether dosing with the Janus-associated kinases inhibitor Tofacitinib while accounting for biological rhythms results in higher therapeutic ecacy

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Aim: Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) is a rare condition in which a person's immune system attacks the peripheral nerve. The visual system can also be affected in GBS patients. The aim of present work is to look for visual pathway, disturbances in these patients using visual evoked potential (VEP). Material and Methods: 10 male patients (20 eyes) diagnosed as GBS in age range of 25 to 56 years were selected for the purpose of present study. Visual evoked potential (VEP) using pattern type of stimulation was tested in total patient group using Mangoni machine. The results obtained was compared with 10 normal sex and age matched population following VEP test.

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Gentian violet dye is no longer commonly used for infant oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) and maternal nipple candidiasis, largely due to safety concerns, the emergence of modern treatment options, and lack of clarity on dosing. Current treatments for candidiasis include nystatin, azoles such as ketoconazole and fluconazole, and amphotericin B. However, OPC may resist treatment, and mothers may prefer gentian violet as an alternative OTC product. This literature review aims to assess the safety and efficacy of gentian violet in treating OPC and nipple candidiasis. Two search strings in Embase yielded 22 primary research articles, case reports, and commentaries. In terms of efficacy, gentian violet is as effective as standard of care treatments, and functions as a fungicidal agent against Candida albicans through biofilm manipulation. Safety concerns include skin and mucosal membrane irritation, airway obstruction, and, most concerning to regulatory agencies, animal carcinogenicity. However, the literature found that there was great variation in the dose and strength of gentian violet applied. Case reports with adverse events usually used high strengths of gentian violet applied more frequently than recommended. A lower strength of gentian violet solution applied as needed is less likely to result in adverse events. Patients may self-select higher strengths of gentian violet or apply more frequently than recommended. If recommended for treatment-resistant OPC and nipple candidiasis, counseling should accompany OTC use of gentian violet

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With this special issue of JMSN we are pleased to present significant contributions to a fascinating topic in the field of materials nanostructing, which is the anodization of valve metals. By this treatment porous oxides of controlled geometry can be grown on the respective metal surfaces. To date, aluminum (Al) has been used most often, as confirmed in this special issue where nine out of ten contributions deals with its anodization.

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The results are presented of obtaining anodic aluminum oxide with an ordered pore arrangement by employing two anodizing modes - galvanostatic mode and combined (galvanostatic + potentiostatic) mode, at high values of the current density and voltage. Use has been made of an oxalate electrolyte and a complex electrolyte comprising oxalic acid and phosphoric acid. Scanning electron microscopy has been used to investigate the surface morphology of the barrier and porous layers and to determine pore sizes and inter-pore distance.

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Self-organized anodic porous alumina films with hexagonal pore lattice have attracted a considerable attention for biological arrays and confinement of various organic probes dyes in solutions. A molecular structure with axial symmetry in bis-heterocyclic indole chains and conjugate system, such as cyanine fluorophore Cy3 dye, was investigated here with respect to its fluorescence when loaded in the anodic alumina pores.

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Two basic reactions occur during the anodizing of aluminum: 1) the aluminum is consumed and 2) an oxide grows. By accepting this statement as true, the anodizing process can be viewed as a corrosion process, and anodizing can be modeled using the Tafel Equation. Anodizing process parameters of electrolyte chemistry and concentration, temperature, aluminum substrate resistance and current density are presented as they relate to the Tafel Equation and how they impact the anodic aluminum oxide structure and properties. Understanding this relationship is consequent in making anodizing an engineering process, one that enables tuning the structure such that it yields distinct characteristics to fulfill design and application requirements.

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Human odor detection technologies have drawn attention due to the wide possibility of potential applications they open up in areas such as biometrics, criminal investigation and forensics, search for survivors under rubble, and security checkpoint screening. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) has been the most successful and powerful analytical approach developed to date for human odor analysis, and hundreds of human odorants have been identified using this tool.

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The application of electronic-nose (E-nose) technologies in forensic science is a recent new development following a long history of progress in the development of diverse applications in the related biomedical and pharmaceutical fields. Data from forensic analyses must satisfy the needs and requirements of both the scientific and legal communities. The type of data collected from electronic-nose devices provides a means of identifying specific types of information about the chemical nature of evidentiary objects and samples under investigation using aroma signature profiles of complex gaseous mixtures containing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released from manufactured products and parts of the human body. E-nose analyses also provide useful qualitative information about the physicochemical characteristics and metabolic conditions of human subjects without the need for time-consuming analyses to identify all chemical components in human-derived volatile mixtures.

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Carbon nanotube (NT) based electronic vapor sensors were tested against synthetic sweat solutions, consisting of 13 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in saline, in order to probe the device ability to analyze and differentiate vapors derived from complex biological samples.

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The collection of human odor volatiles is of interest to forensic applications as a path to investigate canine scent discriminations in legal investigations. A study using a selected array of previously identified human odor compounds has been conducted to determine the retention and release capabilities of five (5) natural and synthetic fabric types, cotton (mercerized fabric and gauze matrix), polyester, rayon and wool.

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The anodization of aluminum foils having micrometer thickness is a common process and results in hexagonally self-ordered alumina membranes. However, anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) membranes fabricated from nanometer-thin films present new challenges to the anodization process, since aluminum films adheres poorly on supporting substrates and the smoothness of the film is highly related to the kind of substrate.

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Anodisation of pure titanium has been carried out in sulphuric and in phosphoric acid solutions at potentials ranging from 50 to 150V. The SEM and AFM morphological analysis indicates that, within this potential range, oxidation in sulphuric acid solution produces better developed mesoporous oxide layers.

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We investigated a method for preparation of ordered nanopore arrays with the interpore distance of 60 nm by guided self-organization of anodic aluminum oxide with a prepatterned array of pits in the starting Al film.

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The design of an electrochemical reactor for the preparation of self-supported comparatively thin (up to 10 μm) and large area (up to 50 cm2) anodic alumina membranes is described allowing growth of porous alumina at high applied potential (up to 150 V) without burning.

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Vertical Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) nanowire arrays have been synthesized via two-step electroplating method into anodized aluminum oxide template. For deposition of CZTS nanowires, anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) was used as the growth mask for the growth of the nanowires. AAO templates with hole sizes of 70 nm in diameter were used in the experiments.

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Anodic aluminum oxide doped with vanadyl citrate chelate complex anions was formed by a two-step self-organized anodization in 2 wt. % sulfuric acid containing 0.04 M V2O5 and 0.08 M citric acid at voltage range 13-23 V, and at 0 and 15 oC. The combination of two temperatures and at least four voltages (depending on the applied temperature) was applied as the operating conditions of anodization.

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In this paper, we report on the synthesis of BaTiO3 nanowires via the anodic aluminum oxide template method. To fill in the precursors of BaTiO3 into anodic aluminum oxide templates, the vacuum and drop loading method developed in our previous study was used. Ba(CH3COO)2 (barium acetate) and C12H28O4Ti (tetraisopropyl orthotitanate) were used as Ba and Ti sources, respectively. Anodic aluminum oxide membranes with the through-hole diameter of ~200 nm were used as the template for BaTiO3 nanowires.

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