Annex Publishers

Photovoltaic solar cells have been a promising solution to the world's environmental air pollution in recent decades. Howev er, despite their usage, Earth pollution has still been a concern. As a result, bio-solar cells have been researched among bio- physical researchers since 2012 to provide an environmentally compatible alternative. To increase the efficiency of bio-solar cells, gold nanoparticles have been employed along with chlorophyll extracted from spinach leaves. The nanoparticle model has proven to be more efficient, increasing current and voltage compared to previous models. In our experiments, we devel oped gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in PS1 and PS2 active layers and the performance of the photovoltaic synthesized outputs was appropriate. Our bio solar cell, which consisted of Au/(Photosystem + Triton X-100 + GNP)/FTO, exhibited superior photovoltaic efficiency at 0.32%. Parameters such as short-circuit current density (JSC), cut-off voltage, and fill factor con verged to values of 0.099 mA/cm2, 0.107 V, and 0.25, respectively. Based on our observations, this structure is a promising candidate for sustainable solar energy production.

The review paper helpful for knowledge and current data biological evidence in forensic science is pivotal to maintaining the integrity of biological evidence and ensuring the reliability of forensic analyses. This encompasses a set of strategies aimed at preventing contamination during evidence collection, handling, and analysis. Key elements include the use of Per sonal Protective Equipment (PPE), such as gloves, masks, and protective clothing, to minimize direct contact and contami nation from the environment. Sterile tools and techniques are essential for collecting evidence, with measures taken to avoid cross-contamination by changing gloves and tools between samples and properly packaging evidence immediately after col lection. Environmental controls are also critical. Workspaces must be kept clean, and access to crime scenes and evidence storage areas should be strictly controlled. Airflow management, such as the use of laminar flow hoods, helps to reduce air borne contaminants.

Nitrogen dioxide (NO2 ) is one of the harmful pollutants in ambient air and predominantly occurs in urban areas. Vehicular emission is one of the major sources of NO2 pollution in urban areas and can impact human health to a larger extent. This re view examines the temporal variations in NO₂ concentrations in Delhi's atmosphere from 2020 to 2023 and its implications for ambient air quality. Over the past few years, NO₂ levels in Delhi have shown significant fluctuations due to numerous factors including seasonal changes, traffic patterns, industrial activities, and the impacts of lockdown during COVID -19 pandemic. The analysis of air quality data reveals a correlation between increased NO₂ concentrations and the deterioration of air quality, leading to increasing health risks. This review underscores the need for continuous monitoring and more stringent regulatory measures to manage NO₂ emissions, aiming to improve air quality and mitigate the associated health impacts in Delhi

Recently the UK Infected Blood Inquiry (IBI) headed by Sir Brian Langstaff, a distinguished judge, completed his extensive six year investigation into the circumstances that unnecessarily caused many avoidable infections with the viruses HIV and HCV. Being involved myself with HIV/AIDS research since 1983, I was invited by the Inquiry to testify in 2018. I then wrote and pub lished in two papers what I told the Inquiry [1, 2].

Photovoltaic solar cells have been a promising solution to the world's environmental air pollution in recent decades. Howev er, despite their usage, Earth pollution has still been a concern. As a result, bio-solar cells have been researched among bio- physical researchers since 2012 to provide an environmentally compatible alternative. To increase the efficiency of bio-solar cells, gold nanoparticles have been employed along with chlorophyll extracted from spinach leaves. The nanoparticle model has proven to be more efficient, increasing current and voltage compared to previous models. In our experiments, we devel oped gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in PS1 and PS2 active layers and the performance of the photovoltaic synthesized outputs was appropriate. Our bio solar cell, which consisted of Au/(Photosystem + Triton X-100 + GNP)/FTO, exhibited superior photovoltaic efficiency at 0.32%. Parameters such as short-circuit current density (JSC), cut-off voltage, and fill factor con verged to values of 0.099 mA/cm2, 0.107 V, and 0.25, respectively. Based on our observations, this structure is a promising candidate for sustainable solar energy production.

The review paper helpful for knowledge and current data biological evidence in forensic science is pivotal to maintaining the integrity of biological evidence and ensuring the reliability of forensic analyses. This encompasses a set of strategies aimed at preventing contamination during evidence collection, handling, and analysis. Key elements include the use of Per sonal Protective Equipment (PPE), such as gloves, masks, and protective clothing, to minimize direct contact and contami nation from the environment. Sterile tools and techniques are essential for collecting evidence, with measures taken to avoid cross-contamination by changing gloves and tools between samples and properly packaging evidence immediately after col lection. Environmental controls are also critical. Workspaces must be kept clean, and access to crime scenes and evidence storage areas should be strictly controlled. Airflow management, such as the use of laminar flow hoods, helps to reduce air borne contaminants.

Nitrogen dioxide (NO2 ) is one of the harmful pollutants in ambient air and predominantly occurs in urban areas. Vehicular emission is one of the major sources of NO2 pollution in urban areas and can impact human health to a larger extent. This re view examines the temporal variations in NO₂ concentrations in Delhi's atmosphere from 2020 to 2023 and its implications for ambient air quality. Over the past few years, NO₂ levels in Delhi have shown significant fluctuations due to numerous factors including seasonal changes, traffic patterns, industrial activities, and the impacts of lockdown during COVID -19 pandemic. The analysis of air quality data reveals a correlation between increased NO₂ concentrations and the deterioration of air quality, leading to increasing health risks. This review underscores the need for continuous monitoring and more stringent regulatory measures to manage NO₂ emissions, aiming to improve air quality and mitigate the associated health impacts in Delhi

Recently the UK Infected Blood Inquiry (IBI) headed by Sir Brian Langstaff, a distinguished judge, completed his extensive six year investigation into the circumstances that unnecessarily caused many avoidable infections with the viruses HIV and HCV. Being involved myself with HIV/AIDS research since 1983, I was invited by the Inquiry to testify in 2018. I then wrote and pub lished in two papers what I told the Inquiry [1, 2].